Coffee is brown or black before drinking, but this is because the green beans are roasted and then burnt.
This process of roasting the beans is called roasting, and the roasting process affects the coffee's taste.
Some coffee shops and cafes roast their own beans, while others purchase them from roasters.
Mass-production roasters are capable of roasting over 100 kg in a single roast.
Most roasters use drum-type roasters, either city gas or propane.
Drum-type roasters come in three types: (1) direct-under type, (2) hot air type, and (3) semi-hot air type.

In the hot summer, you're more likely to order iced coffee than hot coffee at a coffee shop.
Iced coffee is likely to sell better than hot coffee in the summer for coffee shops as well.
There are two types of iced coffee: the gold brew method, which uses water to extract the coffee over a long period of time, and the rapid-chill method, which involves quickly cooling hot coffee at around 90 degrees Celsius with ice to make it iced. In Japan, the rapid-chill method is the most common.

Starbucks' mermaid (siren) logo is often seen in office districts, department stores, shopping malls, and roadside locations.

It seems to be just as common as McDonald's.

Starbucks is the largest coffee chain in Japan, with 2,000 stores.

It opened in the summer of 1996 near the Matsuya department store in Tokyo's Ginza district.

The first Starbucks store

McDonald's also arrived in Japan in the summer of 1971, and its first store was also located in the Mitsukoshi department store in Ginza.

You may have come across Fair Trade certified coffee beans sold at mass retailers such as Starbucks, Tully's, Muji, and Ogawa Coffee.
How are these different from other beans?
First of all, fair trade means fair trade.
Behind fair trade is unfair trade.
The idea behind fair trade is to correct this unfair trade and make it fair trade.
The process from growing coffee to becoming a cup of coffee can be broadly divided into:
① Cultivating the coffee tree
② Refining
③ Packaging and shipping
④ Roasting
⑤ Extraction

While walking around town, you might come across a shop with a fragrant aroma.
The sign reads "Home-Roasting Coffee Shop."
When I say fragrant, I mean a different aroma from the aroma you get when beans are ground in a 7-Eleven coffee maker; it has a distinctive caramel-like aroma.
This aroma comes from roasting green coffee beans to brown them.
Home-roasting shops differ from coffee shops and cafes that sell pre-roasted beans in that they start with the green beans.

Ethiopia is said to be the birthplace of coffee.
I think the person who discovered coffee is amazing.
He discovered that roasting the seeds of the plant gives them a fragrant aroma, and that drinking them in hot water was delicious.
I wonder if he experimented with various plants?
Ethiopian coffee is often called Mocha.
Although it's rare, Yemeni coffee is also called Mocha.
This is because Mocha is the name of a port town in Yemen, and Ethiopian and Yemeni coffee beans were exported to the world through Mocha.

Are Brazil and Colombia the most commonly mentioned coffee-producing countries? The actual ranking of green bean production by country is Brazil in first place, Vietnam in second, Indonesia in third, and Colombia in third.
Brazil certainly has the image of producing the most coffee beans.
However, Colombia also has a presence, with coffees like Georgia's Emerald Mountain and Inoda Coffee's Colombian Emerald.
Perhaps these are the top two in South America?
While Brazilian coffee has a milder acidity, Colombian coffee is said to be characterized by a fruity acidity.

The Frappuccino is an original Starbucks product.
It is a portmanteau of frappe and cappuccino.
A frappe is a cold drink made with crushed ice and can be found in convenience stores and fast food restaurants.
A cappuccino is espresso mixed with steamed milk.
It was first sold at Starbucks in the United States in 1995.
Originally, Starbucks was a store that specialized in coffee, but coffee sales declined in the summer, so the Frappuccino was launched as an opportunity to sell cold drinks.

Apparently, coffee was drunk by Yemeni Sufi sects around the 15th century to wake them up for nighttime prayers.
So it was a drink to keep them awake at night.
Yemen is a coffee-producing country, known for its mocha.
In the 16th century, coffee was introduced from the Middle East to Europe via the Ottoman Empire.
Then, due to the colonial policies of the Netherlands, France, and Britain, its cultivation spread to Indonesia, the Caribbean, Central and South America, and Africa. Coffee houses were established in London and Vienna in the 17th century.

Now that we've talked about espresso, I'd like to write about cappuccino as well.
How is cappuccino different from regular coffee?
And how is it different from espresso?
Cappuccino is coffee milk with an espresso base.
You could say it's espresso milk.
As I mentioned here, espresso is richer and more fragrant than regular coffee.
Also, the milk used in cappuccino is steamed milk, which is milk heated and frothed with steam.
By exposing the milk to high-temperature steam, fine bubbles containing air are created, bringing out the sweetness.